| Niacin is a generic name for nicotinic acid. A
deficiency of this acid leads to a clinical condition known as Pellagra. Causes
Pellagra occurs most often in the setting of chronic alcoholism, protein calorie
malnutrition, and deficiencies of multiple vitamins.
Signs and symptoms
Pellagra is characterised by the three Ds, dermatitis, diarrhoea and dementia. The
dermatitis is bilateral, symmetric, is present in sites exposed to sunlight, and is due to
photosensitivity. The mental changes are insomnia, and apathy. Diarrhea when present
results from widespread inflammation of the mucous surfaces.
Prevention and treatment
The administration of small amounts of niacin in the face of adequate amounts of
dietary tryptophan may be sufficient to cure endemic pellagra.
Vitamin B3
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